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Renee’s Garden - This easy to grow Dutch rutabaga (a.k.a. swede) has a fine texture and warm, rich flavors like apples crossed with turnips. High yielding Helenor roots develop good color early, with creamy exteriors splashed with violet and yellow interior flesh. This mainstay root vegetable is ready to harvest and enjoy from tennis to softball size to use as needed from the garden. You’ll love them tossed in olive oil, then roasted or sautéed to bring out their natural sweetness. Instructions - Rutabaga are similar to turnips but planted for fall harvest. Plant 8-10 weeks before the first fall frost. Harvest when roots are 3-6" across. Harvest before temperatures drop below 20 degrees F Sow seeds 1" apart 12-16" apart Thin: 8" apart Firefly Farm & Mercantile may substitute seed vendors from time to time because of the availability

<div>
Renee’s Garden - This easy to grow Dutch rutabaga (a.k.a. swede) has a fine texture and warm, rich flavors like apples crossed with turnips. High yielding Helenor roots develop good color early, with creamy exteriors splashed with violet and yellow interior flesh. This mainstay root vegetable is ready to harvest and enjoy from tennis to softball size to use as needed from the garden. You’ll love them tossed in olive oil, then roasted or sautéed to bring out their natural sweetness.
</div>
<blockquote>
<ul></ul>
</blockquote>
Instructions -
<meta charset="utf-8">
Rutabaga are similar to turnips but planted for fall harvest. Plant 8-10 weeks before the first fall frost. 
<meta charset="utf-8">
Harvest when roots are 3-6" across. Harvest before temperatures drop below 20 degrees F
<ul>
<li>Sow seeds 1" apart </li>
<li>12-16" apart </li>
<li>Thin: 8" apart  </li>
</ul>
Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile may substitute seed vendors from time to time because of the availability

Improved Helenor Rutabaga, Heirloom

Default Title

Sea Island Red Okra: A Vibrant Gullah-Geechee Heirloom 🌶️🥬 Discover the vibrant, heirloom charm of Sea Island Red Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus), a stunning variety prized by gardeners for its eye-catching red pods and rich flavor. Perfect for Southern gardens, gourmet cooking, and adding color to your harvest, this variety is as beautiful as it is delicious. Summary & Key Characteristics Pod Characteristics: Slender, 3-4" pods are best for harvesting. They start deep red and turn a tender green when cooked. They offer a mild flavor and are notably less mucilaginous than many green varieties. Plant Habits: Tall, vigorous plants (reaching 4-6 ft) produce abundantly in hot weather; features spineless pods for easy, pain-free picking. Harvest & Yield: Ready in just 50-60 days; continuous harvesting through the summer encourages the plant to produce more. Uses: Excellent fresh in salads, pickled, in stir-fries, gumbos, or fried. It adds a unique color and a distinct nutty taste to dishes. Why Grow It?: A heat-tolerant heirloom that is disease-resistant and visually striking; it performs exceptionally well in both large containers and traditional garden beds. Origin and Historical Details Sea Island Red Okra traces its roots to the Sea Islands off the coasts of Georgia and South Carolina, USA. This heirloom variety emerged in the 19th century among Gullah-Geechee communities—descendants of West African enslaved people who preserved and adapted African gardening traditions in the American South. Historical Notes: Named after the barrier islands' red sandy soils and isolation, which fostered unique seed-saving practices. Preserved through oral traditions and community exchanges; it is now celebrated in Slow Food USA's Ark of Taste ❤️ for its cultural heritage. Believed to have been introduced via African seeds during the transatlantic slave trade, blending with local coastal adaptations. A true piece of Southern Americana, this variety is making a significant comeback in modern heirloom gardens. Its earliest confirmed commercial listing was in the David Landreth Seed Company Catalog in 1886, where it was listed as "Sea Island Red Podded Okra." How to Grow Sea Island Red Okra This variety thrives in warm-season conditions where soil temperatures consistently exceed 70°F (21°C). Follow these steps for a successful harvest: 1. Starting Seeds Direct Sow: Best sown directly outdoors after the last frost. Indoor Start: Start 4-6 weeks earlier in peat pots if necessary (okra has sensitive roots and dislikes transplanting). Spacing: Plant 1 inch deep, 12-18 inches apart in rows 3 feet apart. 2. Site & Soil Requirements Sunlight: Requires full sun (8+ hours daily). Soil Type: Well-drained, fertile soil with a pH of 6.0–6.8; amend with organic compost before planting. Climate: Ideal for USDA zones 7-11. Northern gardeners can use black plastic mulch to help warm the soil. 3. Care & Maintenance Watering: Water deeply (1 inch per week), especially during flowering. Avoid overhead watering to prevent fungal issues. Fertilizing: Fertilize lightly with a balanced (10-10-10) mix at planting; side-dress with nitrogen mid-season. Growth: Stake tall plants in windy areas; you may pinch the tops at 3-4 feet to encourage bushier growth. Quick Growing Stats & Yields Feature Details Days to Maturity 50-60 Days Plant Height 4-6 Feet Spacing 12-18" apart Water Needs Moderate, consistent Companion Plants Peppers, Eggplant, Basil Harvest Tip: Watch for aphids or okra worms—use neem oil or hand-pick pests. Harvest young pods every 2-3 days using shears (wear gloves if you have sensitive skin). You can expect yields of 5-10 pods per plant weekly during peak season! 🌱

<h2 data-line="0" id="Sea Island Red Okra: A Vibrant Gullah-Geechee Heirloom 🌶️🥬">Sea Island Red Okra: A Vibrant Gullah-Geechee Heirloom 🌶️🥬</h2>
Discover the vibrant, heirloom charm of Sea Island Red Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus), a stunning variety prized by gardeners for its eye-catching red pods and rich flavor. Perfect for Southern gardens, gourmet cooking, and adding color to your harvest, this variety is as beautiful as it is delicious.
<hr data-line="4">
<h2 data-line="6" id="Summary &amp; Key Characteristics">Summary &amp; Key Characteristics</h2>
<ul data-line="8">
<li data-line="8">
Pod Characteristics: Slender, 3-4" pods are best for harvesting. They start deep red and turn a tender green when cooked. They offer a mild flavor and are notably less mucilaginous than many green varieties.</li>
<li data-line="9">
Plant Habits: Tall, vigorous plants (reaching 4-6 ft) produce abundantly in hot weather; features spineless pods for easy, pain-free picking.</li>
<li data-line="10">
Harvest &amp; Yield: Ready in just 50-60 days; continuous harvesting through the summer encourages the plant to produce more.</li>
<li data-line="11">
Uses: Excellent fresh in salads, pickled, in stir-fries, gumbos, or fried. It adds a unique color and a distinct nutty taste to dishes.</li>
<li data-line="12">
Why Grow It?: A heat-tolerant heirloom that is disease-resistant and visually striking; it performs exceptionally well in both large containers and traditional garden beds.</li>
</ul>
<hr data-line="14">
<h2 data-line="16" id="Origin and Historical Details">Origin and Historical Details</h2>
Sea Island Red Okra traces its roots to the Sea Islands off the coasts of Georgia and South Carolina, USA. This heirloom variety emerged in the 19th century among Gullah-Geechee communities—descendants of West African enslaved people who preserved and adapted African gardening traditions in the American South.
<blockquote data-line="20">
Historical Notes:
<ul data-line="21">
<li data-line="21">Named after the barrier islands' red sandy soils and isolation, which fostered unique seed-saving practices.</li>
<li data-line="22">Preserved through oral traditions and community exchanges; it is now celebrated in Slow Food USA's Ark of Taste ❤️ for its cultural heritage.</li>
<li data-line="23">Believed to have been introduced via African seeds during the transatlantic slave trade, blending with local coastal adaptations.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
A true piece of Southern Americana, this variety is making a significant comeback in modern heirloom gardens. Its earliest confirmed commercial listing was in the David Landreth Seed Company Catalog in 1886, where it was listed as "Sea Island Red Podded Okra."
<hr data-line="27">
<h2 data-line="29" id="How to Grow Sea Island Red Okra">How to Grow Sea Island Red Okra</h2>
This variety thrives in warm-season conditions where soil temperatures consistently exceed 70°F (21°C). Follow these steps for a successful harvest:
<h3 data-line="33" id="1. Starting Seeds">1. Starting Seeds</h3>
<ul data-line="34">
<li data-line="34">
Direct Sow: Best sown directly outdoors after the last frost.</li>
<li data-line="35">
Indoor Start: Start 4-6 weeks earlier in peat pots if necessary (okra has sensitive roots and dislikes transplanting).</li>
<li data-line="36">
Spacing: Plant 1 inch deep, 12-18 inches apart in rows 3 feet apart.</li>
</ul>
<h3 data-line="38" id="2. Site &amp; Soil Requirements">2. Site &amp; Soil Requirements</h3>
<ul data-line="39">
<li data-line="39">
Sunlight: Requires full sun (8+ hours daily).</li>
<li data-line="40">
Soil Type: Well-drained, fertile soil with a pH of 6.0–6.8; amend with organic compost before planting.</li>
<li data-line="41">
Climate: Ideal for USDA zones 7-11. Northern gardeners can use black plastic mulch to help warm the soil.</li>
</ul>
<h3 data-line="43" id="3. Care &amp; Maintenance">3. Care &amp; Maintenance</h3>
<ul data-line="44">
<li data-line="44">
Watering: Water deeply (1 inch per week), especially during flowering. Avoid overhead watering to prevent fungal issues.</li>
<li data-line="45">
Fertilizing: Fertilize lightly with a balanced (10-10-10) mix at planting; side-dress with nitrogen mid-season.</li>
<li data-line="46">
Growth: Stake tall plants in windy areas; you may pinch the tops at 3-4 feet to encourage bushier growth.</li>
</ul>
<hr data-line="48">
<h2 data-line="50" id="Quick Growing Stats &amp; Yields">Quick Growing Stats &amp; Yields</h2>
<table data-line="52">
<thead data-line="52">
<tr data-line="52">
<th>Feature</th>
<th>Details</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody data-line="54">
<tr data-line="54">
<td>Days to Maturity</td>
<td>50-60 Days</td>
</tr>
<tr data-line="55">
<td>Plant Height</td>
<td>4-6 Feet</td>
</tr>
<tr data-line="56">
<td>Spacing</td>
<td>12-18" apart</td>
</tr>
<tr data-line="57">
<td>Water Needs</td>
<td>Moderate, consistent</td>
</tr>
<tr data-line="58">
<td>Companion Plants</td>
<td>Peppers, Eggplant, Basil</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
Harvest Tip: Watch for aphids or okra worms—use neem oil or hand-pick pests. Harvest young pods every 2-3 days using shears (wear gloves if you have sensitive skin). You can expect yields of 5-10 pods per plant weekly during peak season! 🌱

Sea Island Red Okra, 1800's Heirloom Seeds

Firefly 4g

Firefly 1oz

🌍 Superschmelz Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea) The "Super-Melt" Giant of the German Garden Prepare to be amazed by Superschmelz, the legendary "Gentle Giant" of the kohlrabi world. While most kohlrabi varieties must be harvested when they are the size of a tennis ball to avoid becoming woody and tough, Superschmelz defies the rules of botany. This German heirloom can grow to a staggering 8 to 10 pounds (the size of a basketball!) while remaining incredibly tender, sweet, and crisp. Its name literally translates to "Super Melt," a tribute to its buttery, non-fibrous texture that has made it a favorite of homesteaders and gourmet chefs for decades. 📜 Historical Heritage: A Masterpiece of German Breeding Kohlrabi has been a staple of Northern European gardens since the 16th century, but Superschmelz represents the pinnacle of German selection. It was developed to provide a high-yielding, long-storing crop that could feed a family through the lean winter months. Historically, it was prized in Germany and Switzerland for its "dual-purpose" nature. Farmers found that they could leave it in the field much longer than other varieties, allowing it to accumulate massive amounts of sugar without losing its quality. Unlike modern hybrids that prioritize speed, Superschmelz is a "slow food" heirloom, taking its time to develop a flavor that is milder and sweeter than traditional kohlrabi, with a crispness reminiscent of a high-quality apple or water chestnut. ✨ Product Highlights The "Impossible" Size: Can grow to 10 lbs or more without becoming pithy, "corky," or woody. Exceptional Storage: One of the best storage vegetables; when kept in a cool cellar or refrigerator, it can stay crisp and fresh for 3 to 4 months. Mild & Sweet Flavor: Lacks the sharp "cabbage" bite found in smaller varieties; it is sweet, nutty, and perfect for raw snacking. Versatile in the Kitchen: Excellent raw in slaws, roasted as "kohlrabi fries," or hollowed out and stuffed like a winter squash. Two-for-One Crop: The massive, blue-green leaves are completely edible and can be cooked just like kale or collard greens. 🛠️ Quick Growth Profile Feature Specifications Scientific Name Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes Plant Type Heirloom Brassica Days to Maturity 90–100 Days Bulb Size 6 to 10+ inches (8-10 lbs) Sun Requirement Full Sun (6-8+ hours) Growth Habit Upright / Large Bulb 🌱 How to Grow Superschmelz Kohlrabi 1. Sowing the Seeds:Superschmelz requires a longer growing season than standard kohlrabi. Indoors: Start seeds 4–6 weeks before the last frost. Sow 1/4 inch deep. Outdoors: Direct sow in early spring as soon as the soil can be worked, or in mid-summer for a massive fall harvest. Germination: Expect sprouts in 7–10 days. 2. The Perfect Location:Like all brassicas, Superschmelz is a "heavy feeder." Plant in rich soil amended with plenty of compost or aged manure. It thrives in the cool weather of spring and autumn; in very hot climates, a fall crop is highly recommended as a light frost actually improves the sweetness of the bulb. 3. Maintenance for Giants: Spacing (Vital): To reach its "giant" potential, you must give it room! Space plants 12–18 inches apart. If they are crowded, the bulbs will remain small. Watering: Consistent moisture is the secret to the "Super-Melt" texture. If the plant experiences drought, the outer skin may toughen. Pests: Watch for cabbage worms. Using a floating row cover early in the season can protect your crop from most pests. 🥗 Culinary Inspiration: The "Apple of the Earth" Because it stays so tender, Superschmelz is best enjoyed raw. Peel the thick outer skin to reveal the snowy white interior. Slice it into sticks and serve with a lemon-herb dip, or grate it into a salad with apples and walnuts. For a warm dish, try "Superschmelz Steaks"—thick slices sautéed in butter with a pinch of nutmeg. Garden Tip: Don't feel pressured to harvest all at once! You can begin eating Superschmelz when it's the size of a grapefruit, or let it grow into a giant. It will wait patiently in the garden until you're ready for a feast. 🥣📏🇩🇪

<h2 data-line="0" id="🌍 Superschmelz Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea)">🌍 Superschmelz Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea)</h2>
The "Super-Melt" Giant of the German Garden
Prepare to be amazed by Superschmelz, the legendary "Gentle Giant" of the kohlrabi world. While most kohlrabi varieties must be harvested when they are the size of a tennis ball to avoid becoming woody and tough, Superschmelz defies the rules of botany. This German heirloom can grow to a staggering 8 to 10 pounds (the size of a basketball!) while remaining incredibly tender, sweet, and crisp. Its name literally translates to "Super Melt," a tribute to its buttery, non-fibrous texture that has made it a favorite of homesteaders and gourmet chefs for decades.
<hr data-line="5">
<h3 data-line="7" id="📜 Historical Heritage: A Masterpiece of German Breeding">📜 Historical Heritage: A Masterpiece of German Breeding</h3>
Kohlrabi has been a staple of Northern European gardens since the 16th century, but Superschmelz represents the pinnacle of German selection. It was developed to provide a high-yielding, long-storing crop that could feed a family through the lean winter months.
Historically, it was prized in Germany and Switzerland for its "dual-purpose" nature. Farmers found that they could leave it in the field much longer than other varieties, allowing it to accumulate massive amounts of sugar without losing its quality. Unlike modern hybrids that prioritize speed, Superschmelz is a "slow food" heirloom, taking its time to develop a flavor that is milder and sweeter than traditional kohlrabi, with a crispness reminiscent of a high-quality apple or water chestnut.
<hr data-line="12">
<h3 data-line="14" id="✨ Product Highlights">✨ Product Highlights</h3>
<ul data-line="15">
<li data-line="15">
The "Impossible" Size: Can grow to 10 lbs or more without becoming pithy, "corky," or woody.</li>
<li data-line="16">
Exceptional Storage: One of the best storage vegetables; when kept in a cool cellar or refrigerator, it can stay crisp and fresh for 3 to 4 months.</li>
<li data-line="17">
Mild &amp; Sweet Flavor: Lacks the sharp "cabbage" bite found in smaller varieties; it is sweet, nutty, and perfect for raw snacking.</li>
<li data-line="18">
Versatile in the Kitchen: Excellent raw in slaws, roasted as "kohlrabi fries," or hollowed out and stuffed like a winter squash.</li>
<li data-line="19">
Two-for-One Crop: The massive, blue-green leaves are completely edible and can be cooked just like kale or collard greens.</li>
</ul>
<hr data-line="21">
<h3 data-line="23" id="🛠️ Quick Growth Profile">🛠️ Quick Growth Profile</h3>
<table data-line="24">
<thead data-line="24">
<tr data-line="24">
<th>Feature</th>
<th>Specifications</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody data-line="26">
<tr data-line="26">
<td>Scientific Name</td>
<td>Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes</td>
</tr>
<tr data-line="27">
<td>Plant Type</td>
<td>Heirloom Brassica</td>
</tr>
<tr data-line="28">
<td>Days to Maturity</td>
<td>90–100 Days</td>
</tr>
<tr data-line="29">
<td>Bulb Size</td>
<td>6 to 10+ inches (8-10 lbs)</td>
</tr>
<tr data-line="30">
<td>Sun Requirement</td>
<td>Full Sun (6-8+ hours)</td>
</tr>
<tr data-line="31">
<td>Growth Habit</td>
<td>Upright / Large Bulb</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr data-line="33">
<h3 data-line="35" id="🌱 How to Grow Superschmelz Kohlrabi">🌱 How to Grow Superschmelz Kohlrabi</h3>
1. Sowing the Seeds: Superschmelz requires a longer growing season than standard kohlrabi.
<ul data-line="39">
<li data-line="39">
Indoors: Start seeds 4–6 weeks before the last frost. Sow 1/4 inch deep.</li>
<li data-line="40">
Outdoors: Direct sow in early spring as soon as the soil can be worked, or in mid-summer for a massive fall harvest.</li>
<li data-line="41">
Germination: Expect sprouts in 7–10 days.</li>
</ul>
2. The Perfect Location: Like all brassicas, Superschmelz is a "heavy feeder." Plant in rich soil amended with plenty of compost or aged manure. It thrives in the cool weather of spring and autumn; in very hot climates, a fall crop is highly recommended as a light frost actually improves the sweetness of the bulb.
3. Maintenance for Giants:
<ul data-line="47">
<li data-line="47">
Spacing (Vital): To reach its "giant" potential, you must give it room! Space plants 12–18 inches apart. If they are crowded, the bulbs will remain small.</li>
<li data-line="48">
Watering: Consistent moisture is the secret to the "Super-Melt" texture. If the plant experiences drought, the outer skin may toughen.</li>
<li data-line="49">
Pests: Watch for cabbage worms. Using a floating row cover early in the season can protect your crop from most pests.</li>
</ul>
<hr data-line="51">
<h3 data-line="53" id='🥗 Culinary Inspiration: The "Apple of the Earth"'>🥗 Culinary Inspiration: The "Apple of the Earth"</h3>
Because it stays so tender, Superschmelz is best enjoyed raw. Peel the thick outer skin to reveal the snowy white interior. Slice it into sticks and serve with a lemon-herb dip, or grate it into a salad with apples and walnuts. For a warm dish, try "Superschmelz Steaks"—thick slices sautéed in butter with a pinch of nutmeg.
<blockquote data-line="56">
Garden Tip: Don't feel pressured to harvest all at once! You can begin eating Superschmelz when it's the size of a grapefruit, or let it grow into a giant. It will wait patiently in the garden until you're ready for a feast. 🥣📏🇩🇪
</blockquote>

Superschmelz Kohlrabi, Organic options Available

Firefly Farm 25 Organic Seeds

California Black Eye Cowpea: The Iconic Southern Staple Experience the timeless tradition of the California Black Eye Cowpea (Black-Eyed Pea). At Firefly Farm & Mercantile, we believe no summer garden is complete without this legendary legume. Known for its exceptional drought tolerance, soil-building properties, and rich, "pot-liquor" producing flavor, this is the definitive variety for both fresh shelling and dry storage. 📜 A Journey Through History The Black-Eyed Pea has a legacy as resilient as the plant itself. Ancient Origins: Cowpeas are native to West Africa, where they have been a dietary cornerstone for millennia. Arrival in America: They were brought to the United States in the 17th century, eventually becoming a fundamental crop in the American South. The "California" Selection: The "California Black Eye" strain was specifically developed and refined in the early 20th century to be more wilt-resistant, nematode resistant and higher-yielding than earlier varieties. It quickly became the gold standard for commercial and home production due to its uniform growth and reliable "eye" coloration. 🍽️ Culinary Profile Whether served for "Good Luck" on New Year's Day or as a summer side dish, the California Black Eye is a culinary workhorse. The Seed: Smooth, cream-colored seeds featuring the distinct, signature black "eye" at the hilum. The Flavor: It possesses a unique, earthy, and nutty flavor with a texture that becomes incredibly creamy when simmered. Versatility: Green Shell: Harvest when pods are plump but still green for a tender, fresh pea. Dry: Allow pods to dry on the plant for the classic dry bean used in Hoppin' John and stews. 🌿 Garden Performance & Soil Health One of the greatest benefits of growing cowpeas is what they do under the ground. "We love California Black Eyes not just for the harvest, but for the garden health. These plants are incredible nitrogen-fixers. If you have a spot with poor soil or intense summer heat where other crops struggle, plant these. They’ll feed you and the soil at the same time." Feature Details Type Cowpea / Field Pea (Vigna unguiculata) Growth Habit Vigorous Bush with short runners Days to Maturity 70–80 Days Heat Tolerance Exceptional; thrives in 90°F+ weather Drought Status High; very water-efficient once established 👨🌾 Cultivation Tips Timing: Cowpeas are true heat-lovers. Do not plant until the soil is consistently warm (at least 65°F-70°F). Spacing: Sow seeds 1 inch deep and 2-3 inches apart. They do not require a trellis, though they will appreciate room to sprawl slightly. Harvesting: For dry peas, wait until the pods are yellow or brown and feel like parchment. If the weather turns wet at the end of the season, pull the plants and hang them in a dry area to finish curing. 📜 The Timeline of the California Black Eye 1. The Early Selections (1910s–1920s) In the early 1900s, farmers in California began selecting black-eyed peas from older Southern stocks to find plants that could handle the dry, Mediterranean climate of the West Coast. By the early 1920s, seed catalogs (particularly those from California-based companies like Morse’s Seeds) began listing "California Blackeye" as a distinct, superior strain noted for its uniform size and higher yield compared to "standard" black-eyed peas. 2. The University of California Breeding (1930s) During the 1930s, the University of California (UC Davis) took over the formal development of the variety. They were trying to solve a major problem for gardeners and farmers: Fusarium wilt and root-knot nematodes, which frequently killed off older heirloom varieties. 3. The 1944 Release (The "Modern" Heirloom) The variety most gardeners grow today when they buy a packet of California Black Eye is specifically "California Blackeye No. 5." Official Availability: It was released to the public and seed trade in 1944. The Impact: This 1944 release was a "game-changer" because it was the first widely available black-eyed pea that combined high yields with strong disease resistance. It was so successful that it quickly became the industry standard across the entire United States. 💡 Why this date matters for Firefly Farm & Mercantile When talking to your customers, you can highlight that while the species is an ancient African heirloom, the California Black Eye represents the "Greatest Generation" of heirloom breeding. "The California Black Eye we sell today is a classic 1940s variety. It was released in 1944 as a 'Victory Garden' staple, specifically bred to be a reliable, disease-resistant survivor that could feed a family through the heat of summer with very little water." Grow a tradition of resilience and flavor. Order California Black Eye Cowpea seeds today from Firefly Farm & Mercantile! 🌻

<h2 data-line="0" id="California Black Eye Cowpea: The Iconic Southern Staple">California Black Eye Cowpea: The Iconic Southern Staple</h2>
Experience the timeless tradition of the California Black Eye Cowpea (Black-Eyed Pea). At Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile, we believe no summer garden is complete without this legendary legume. Known for its exceptional drought tolerance, soil-building properties, and rich, "pot-liquor" producing flavor, this is the definitive variety for both fresh shelling and dry storage.
<hr data-line="4">
<h3 data-line="6" id="📜 A Journey Through History">📜 A Journey Through History</h3>
The Black-Eyed Pea has a legacy as resilient as the plant itself.
<ul data-line="9">
<li data-line="9">
Ancient Origins: Cowpeas are native to West Africa, where they have been a dietary cornerstone for millennia.</li>
<li data-line="10">
Arrival in America: They were brought to the United States in the 17th century, eventually becoming a fundamental crop in the American South.</li>
<li data-line="11">
The "California" Selection: The "California Black Eye" strain was specifically developed and refined in the early 20th century to be more wilt-resistant, nematode resistant and higher-yielding than earlier varieties. It quickly became the gold standard for commercial and home production due to its uniform growth and reliable "eye" coloration.</li>
</ul>
<hr data-line="13">
<h3 data-line="15" id="🍽️ Culinary Profile">🍽️ Culinary Profile</h3>
Whether served for "Good Luck" on New Year's Day or as a summer side dish, the California Black Eye is a culinary workhorse.
<ul data-line="18">
<li data-line="18">
The Seed: Smooth, cream-colored seeds featuring the distinct, signature black "eye" at the hilum.</li>
<li data-line="19">
The Flavor: It possesses a unique, earthy, and nutty flavor with a texture that becomes incredibly creamy when simmered.</li>
<li data-line="20">
Versatility:
<ul data-line="21">
<li data-line="21">
Green Shell: Harvest when pods are plump but still green for a tender, fresh pea.</li>
<li data-line="22">
Dry: Allow pods to dry on the plant for the classic dry bean used in Hoppin' John and stews.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<hr data-line="24">
<h3 data-line="26" id="🌿 Garden Performance &amp; Soil Health">🌿 Garden Performance &amp; Soil Health</h3>
One of the greatest benefits of growing cowpeas is what they do under the ground.
<blockquote data-line="29">
"We love California Black Eyes not just for the harvest, but for the garden health. These plants are incredible nitrogen-fixers. If you have a spot with poor soil or intense summer heat where other crops struggle, plant these. They’ll feed you and the soil at the same time."
</blockquote>
<table data-line="31">
<thead data-line="31">
<tr data-line="31">
<th>Feature</th>
<th>Details</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody data-line="33">
<tr data-line="33">
<td>Type</td>
<td>Cowpea / Field Pea (Vigna unguiculata)</td>
</tr>
<tr data-line="34">
<td>Growth Habit</td>
<td>Vigorous Bush with short runners</td>
</tr>
<tr data-line="35">
<td>Days to Maturity</td>
<td>70–80 Days</td>
</tr>
<tr data-line="36">
<td>Heat Tolerance</td>
<td>Exceptional; thrives in 90°F+ weather</td>
</tr>
<tr data-line="37">
<td>Drought Status</td>
<td>High; very water-efficient once established</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr data-line="39">
<h3 data-line="41" id="👨🌾 Cultivation Tips">👨🌾 Cultivation Tips</h3>
<ul data-line="42">
<li data-line="42">
Timing: Cowpeas are true heat-lovers. Do not plant until the soil is consistently warm (at least 65°F-70°F).</li>
<li data-line="43">
Spacing: Sow seeds 1 inch deep and 2-3 inches apart. They do not require a trellis, though they will appreciate room to sprawl slightly.</li>
<li data-line="44">
Harvesting: For dry peas, wait until the pods are yellow or brown and feel like parchment. If the weather turns wet at the end of the season, pull the plants and hang them in a dry area to finish curing.</li>
</ul>
<hr data-line="46">
<h3 data-line="6" id="📜 The Timeline of the California Black Eye">📜 The Timeline of the California Black Eye</h3>
<h4 data-line="8" id="1. The Early Selections (1910s–1920s)">1. The Early Selections (1910s–1920s)</h4>
In the early 1900s, farmers in California began selecting black-eyed peas from older Southern stocks to find plants that could handle the dry, Mediterranean climate of the West Coast. By the early 1920s, seed catalogs (particularly those from California-based companies like Morse’s Seeds) began listing "California Blackeye" as a distinct, superior strain noted for its uniform size and higher yield compared to "standard" black-eyed peas.
<h4 data-line="11" id="2. The University of California Breeding (1930s)">2. The University of California Breeding (1930s)</h4>
During the 1930s, the University of California (UC Davis) took over the formal development of the variety. They were trying to solve a major problem for gardeners and farmers: Fusarium wilt and root-knot nematodes, which frequently killed off older heirloom varieties.
<h4 data-line="14" id='3. The 1944 Release (The "Modern" Heirloom)'>3. The 1944 Release (The "Modern" Heirloom)</h4>
The variety most gardeners grow today when they buy a packet of California Black Eye is specifically "California Blackeye No. 5."
<ul data-line="16">
<li data-line="16">
Official Availability: It was released to the public and seed trade in 1944.</li>
<li data-line="17">
The Impact: This 1944 release was a "game-changer" because it was the first widely available black-eyed pea that combined high yields with strong disease resistance. It was so successful that it quickly became the industry standard across the entire United States.</li>
</ul>
<hr data-line="19">
<h3 data-line="21" id="💡 Why this date matters for Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile">💡 Why this date matters for Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile</h3>
When talking to your customers, you can highlight that while the species is an ancient African heirloom, the California Black Eye represents the "Greatest Generation" of heirloom breeding.
<blockquote data-line="24">
"The California Black Eye we sell today is a classic 1940s variety. It was released in 1944 as a 'Victory Garden' staple, specifically bred to be a reliable, disease-resistant survivor that could feed a family through the heat of summer with very little water."
</blockquote>
Grow a tradition of resilience and flavor. Order California Black Eye Cowpea seeds today from Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile! 🌻

California Black Eye Cowpea, 1944 California Heirloom

Firefly Farm 18g ~100 Seeds

Yecora Rojo Wheat: The Baker’s Choice Hard Red Spring Wheat Experience the gold standard of artisanal bread flour right in your own backyard. At Firefly Farm & Mercantile, we are excited to offer Yecora Rojo, a high-performance hard red spring wheat that is a favorite among professional bakers and home millers alike. Known for its short stature and exceptional protein content, it is the perfect "entry-level" grain for the small-scale home gardener. 📜 History & Origin Yecora Rojo (meaning "Yecora Red") has a prestigious history in the world of grain breeding. The Development: It was developed in the early 1970s through a collaboration between the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) and the Mexican Ministry of Agriculture (INIA). The Name: It is named after Yecora, a town in the Mexican state of Sonora. The Impact: It was bred to be a "semi-dwarf" variety. Before Yecora Rojo, many wheat varieties grew so tall that they would fall over (lodge) under the weight of their own grain or in high winds. Yecora Rojo’s shorter, stronger stalks revolutionized wheat farming, allowing for high yields without the mess. 🍞 Culinary Profile If you are growing grain for home-baked sourdough or rustic loaves, Yecora Rojo is unparalleled. Protein Power: It is a hard red spring wheat, which typically boasts a very high protein content (often 13–15%). This creates strong gluten, essential for high-rising, chewy breads. Flavor: It produces a flour with a rich, nutty, and slightly "peppery" flavor that is much more complex than store-bought white flour. Milling: The kernels are hard and uniform, making them very easy to mill at home into a beautiful, copper-toned whole wheat flour. 🌿 Garden Performance & Planting Rates Yecora Rojo is ideally suited for the home garden because of its manageable height and quick maturity. Garden Bed Coverage: At Firefly Farm & Mercantile, we have sized our packets specifically for the small-scale grower. One packet is designed to perfectly seed a 20 square foot bed (roughly an 8' to 10' long by 2.5' wide garden bed). Feature Details Type Hard Red Spring Wheat Planting Season Spring (as soon as soil can be worked) Plant Height 24–30 Inches (Semi-Dwarf) Coverage 1 Packet per 20 sq. ft. 20g of seed Days to Harvest 110–120 Days 💡 Why 25–30 Seeds per Square Foot? Support: Wheat is a communal plant. By planting at this density, the root systems interlock and the stalks stand together against wind. Weed Suppression: At 30 seeds per square foot, the wheat will quickly form a canopy, shading out the soil and preventing weeds from competing for nutrients. Yield Maximization: This is the "sweet spot" for Yecora Rojo. Because it is a semi-dwarf variety, it doesn't need as much room to "breathe" as taller ancient grains, allowing you to get a high yield of bread-quality grain from a very small footprint. ✨ Why We Love It "We love Yecora Rojo because it makes the 'dream of the home-grown loaf' a reality. It doesn't take an acre of land to grow enough wheat for a few loaves of world-class bread. Its short stalks mean it stays upright and looks beautiful in the garden, and the flour quality is simply the best you can get for bread making." 👨🌾 Cultivation Tips Sowing: Prepare your 20 sq. ft. bed by raking the soil smooth. Broadcast the seeds evenly across the surface and rake them in to a depth of about 1 inch. Watering: Wheat is relatively drought-tolerant once established but benefits from consistent moisture during the "boot" stage (when the grain head is forming inside the stalk). Harvesting: Harvest when the stalks have turned golden-brown and the kernels are "rock hard" when bitten. Grow your own artisan flour. Order Yecora Rojo Wheat seeds today from Firefly Farm & Mercantile! 🌻

<h2 id="Yecora Rojo Wheat: The Baker’s Choice Hard Red Spring Wheat" data-line="0">Yecora Rojo Wheat: The Baker’s Choice Hard Red Spring Wheat</h2>
Experience the gold standard of artisanal bread flour right in your own backyard. At Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile, we are excited to offer Yecora Rojo, a high-performance hard red spring wheat that is a favorite among professional bakers and home millers alike. Known for its short stature and exceptional protein content, it is the perfect "entry-level" grain for the small-scale home gardener.
<hr data-line="4">
<h3 id="📜 History &amp; Origin" data-line="6">📜 History &amp; Origin</h3>
Yecora Rojo (meaning "Yecora Red") has a prestigious history in the world of grain breeding.
<ul data-line="9">
<li data-line="9">
The Development: It was developed in the early 1970s through a collaboration between the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) and the Mexican Ministry of Agriculture (INIA).</li>
<li data-line="10">
The Name: It is named after Yecora, a town in the Mexican state of Sonora.</li>
<li data-line="11">
The Impact: It was bred to be a "semi-dwarf" variety. Before Yecora Rojo, many wheat varieties grew so tall that they would fall over (lodge) under the weight of their own grain or in high winds. Yecora Rojo’s shorter, stronger stalks revolutionized wheat farming, allowing for high yields without the mess.</li>
</ul>
<hr data-line="13">
<h3 id="🍞 Culinary Profile" data-line="15">🍞 Culinary Profile</h3>
If you are growing grain for home-baked sourdough or rustic loaves, Yecora Rojo is unparalleled.
<ul data-line="18">
<li data-line="18">
Protein Power: It is a hard red spring wheat, which typically boasts a very high protein content (often 13–15%). This creates strong gluten, essential for high-rising, chewy breads.</li>
<li data-line="19">
Flavor: It produces a flour with a rich, nutty, and slightly "peppery" flavor that is much more complex than store-bought white flour.</li>
<li data-line="20">
Milling: The kernels are hard and uniform, making them very easy to mill at home into a beautiful, copper-toned whole wheat flour.</li>
</ul>
<hr data-line="22">
<h3 id="🌿 Garden Performance &amp; Planting Rates" data-line="24">🌿 Garden Performance &amp; Planting Rates</h3>
Yecora Rojo is ideally suited for the home garden because of its manageable height and quick maturity.
<blockquote data-line="27">
Garden Bed Coverage: At Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile, we have sized our packets specifically for the small-scale grower. One packet is designed to perfectly seed a 20 square foot bed (roughly an 8' to 10' long by 2.5' wide garden bed).
</blockquote>
<table data-line="29">
<thead data-line="29">
<tr data-line="29">
<th>Feature</th>
<th>Details</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody data-line="31">
<tr data-line="31">
<td>Type</td>
<td>Hard Red Spring Wheat</td>
</tr>
<tr data-line="32">
<td>Planting Season</td>
<td>Spring (as soon as soil can be worked)</td>
</tr>
<tr data-line="33">
<td>Plant Height</td>
<td>24–30 Inches (Semi-Dwarf)</td>
</tr>
<tr data-line="34">
<td>Coverage</td>
<td>1 Packet per 20 sq. ft. 20g of seed</td>
</tr>
<tr data-line="35">
<td>Days to Harvest</td>
<td>110–120 Days</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 data-line="15"></h3>
<h3 data-line="15" id="💡 Why 25–30 Seeds per Square Foot?">💡 Why 25–30 Seeds per Square Foot?</h3>
<ul data-line="16">
<li data-line="16">
Support: Wheat is a communal plant. By planting at this density, the root systems interlock and the stalks stand together against wind.</li>
<li data-line="17">
Weed Suppression: At 30 seeds per square foot, the wheat will quickly form a canopy, shading out the soil and preventing weeds from competing for nutrients.</li>
<li data-line="18">
Yield Maximization: This is the "sweet spot" for Yecora Rojo. Because it is a semi-dwarf variety, it doesn't need as much room to "breathe" as taller ancient grains, allowing you to get a high yield of bread-quality grain from a very small footprint.</li>
</ul>
<hr data-line="37">
<h3 id="✨ Why We Love It" data-line="39">✨ Why We Love It</h3>
<blockquote data-line="40">
"We love Yecora Rojo because it makes the 'dream of the home-grown loaf' a reality. It doesn't take an acre of land to grow enough wheat for a few loaves of world-class bread. Its short stalks mean it stays upright and looks beautiful in the garden, and the flour quality is simply the best you can get for bread making."
</blockquote>
<hr data-line="42">
<h3 id="👨🌾 Cultivation Tips" data-line="44">👨🌾 Cultivation Tips</h3>
<ul data-line="45">
<li data-line="45">
Sowing: Prepare your 20 sq. ft. bed by raking the soil smooth. Broadcast the seeds evenly across the surface and rake them in to a depth of about 1 inch.</li>
<li data-line="46">
Watering: Wheat is relatively drought-tolerant once established but benefits from consistent moisture during the "boot" stage (when the grain head is forming inside the stalk).</li>
<li data-line="47">
Harvesting: Harvest when the stalks have turned golden-brown and the kernels are "rock hard" when bitten.</li>
</ul>
<hr data-line="49">
Grow your own artisan flour. Order Yecora Rojo Wheat seeds today from Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile! 🌻

A famed hard red spring wheat beloved by artisan bakers and sourdough craftspeople, Yecoro Red is renowned for its exceptional protein content, strong gluten structure, and rich, savory-nutty flavor profile. It yields outstanding flour for whole-wheat bread, rustic loaves, and home milling.

Yecoro Red Wheat Seeds

Yecoro Rojo Wheat, Spring Red Wheat

The Seed Savers Exchange - Given to Seed Savers Exchange years ago by a Cherokee member from Louisiana. Traditionally used to decorate sweat lodges. Solid green gourds have curved necks and distinctive ridges, perfect for gourd-craft swans. Total length of 18-24" with an 8" bowl. Best when grown on a trellis. Botanical Name Lagenaria siceraria Characteristics: 125 days Conventional Curved neck gourds Grow to 18-24 inches Gourds have an 8 inch bowl Instructions: Sow seeds outdoors after the danger of frost has passed in 12" diameter hills. Space hills 6' apart in all directions. In short-season areas, growth from transplants started indoors 8 weeks in advance. Gourds grow well on fences or garden trellises. Direct Seed: 1" Deep Seeds to Hill: 6-8 Seeds Thin: To 3-4 Plants Light: Full Sun Firefly Farm & Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

Dinosaur Gourd, Swan Gourd Maranka Gourd

Seedsavers Exchange 25 Seeds

Firefly Farm Minipack 10 Seeds

Firefly Farm 25 Seeds

The Seed Savers Exchange - (Lagenaria siceraria) Large hard-shelled gourd shaped like an apple. Mottled green skin dries to brown; very long shelf life. Gourds are 6-8" tall and 4-6" across. Best used for crafting and birdhouses. 100-120 days. Characteristics: Hard-shelled gourds resemble apples Mottled green skin dries to brown Gourds grow to 6-8 inches by 4 inches across Best used for crafting and birdhouses 100-120 days Instructions: Sow seeds outdoors after the danger of frost has passed in 12" diameter hills. Space hills 6' apart in all directions. In short-season areas, growth from transplants started indoors 8 weeks in advance. Gourds grow well on fences or garden trellises. Direct Seed: 1" Deep Seeds to Hill: 6-8 Seeds Thin: To 3-4 Plants Light: Full Sun Firefly Farm & Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

Apple Gourd

The Seed Savers Exchange - Colorful mixture of heavily warted 3-4 ounce fruits. Good range of colors and many multicolors. Extremely sturdy stems, long keepers, colors fade in storage. 90-100 days. Characteristics: Fruits are single color or multicolor All varieties are heavily warted Fruits grow to 3-4 ounces Long keepers but colors fade in storage 90-100 days Instructions: Sow seeds outdoors after the danger of frost has passed in 12" diameter hills. Space hills 6' apart in all directions. In short-season areas, growth from transplants started indoors 8 weeks in advance. Gourds grow well on fences or garden trellises. Direct Seed: 1" Deep Seeds to Hill: 6-8 Seeds Thin: To 3-4 Plants Light: Full Sun Firefly Farm & Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

Warted Gourd Mixture

The Seed Savers Exchange - Birdhouse Gourds are (L. siceraria) light-green fruits with rounded necks and bowls that grow 14" tall and 12" in diameter. Dried gourds make excellent birdhouses. Vigorous 15-35' vines. 95-110 days. Characteristics: Fruits grow to 14 inches by 12 inches Vines grow 15-35 feet Make excellent birdhouses 95-110 days 25 Seeds Instructions - Sow seeds outdoors in 12" diameter hills after danger of frost has passed. Hills should be spaced 6' apart in all directions. Can also be started indoors 6 weeks before transplanting out in shorter season areas. Plant 1/2" deep Hill 6-8 seeds together Thin to 3-4 plants Light: Full Sun Firefly Farm & Mercantile may substitute based on supplier availability

The Seed Savers Exchange - Birdhouse Gourds are (L. siceraria) light-green fruits with rounded necks and bowls that grow 14" tall and 12" in diameter. Dried gourds make excellent birdhouses. Vigorous 15-35' vines. 95-110 days.
Characteristics: 
<ul>
<li>Fruits grow to 14 inches by 12 inches</li>
<li>Vines grow 15-35 feet</li>
<li>Make excellent birdhouses</li>
<li>95-110 days</li>
<li>25 Seeds</li>
</ul>
Instructions - Sow seeds outdoors in 12" diameter hills after danger of frost has passed. Hills should be spaced 6' apart in all directions. Can also be started indoors 6 weeks before transplanting out in shorter season areas.
Plant 1/2" deep
Hill 6-8 seeds together
Thin to 3-4 plants
Light: Full Sun
Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile may substitute based on supplier availability

Birdhouse Gourd Seeds

Firefly Farm Minipacket 10 Seeds

We like growing these outs though we never tried putting them in our pocket. They grow fast and are good short season variety for folks where their seasons are a little short. Our orginal seed comes from Seedsavers and we offer their retail branded packets for those that want a beautiful picture. The Seed Savers Exchange - (C. pepo) (aka Dancing) Sent to SSE by member Junior Gordon whose seeds were from his brother in Hickman County, Tennessee. Years ago children would carry these gourds in their pockets to play with at school where they would spin them on their desks. Hard-shelled when dried, great ornamental. 90-100 days. Characteristics: Used for fall decorations Great for market growers and roadside stands 90-100 days 25 Seeds per pack Instructions: Sow seeds outdoors after the danger of frost has passed in 12" diameter hills. Space hills 6' apart in all directions. In short-season areas, growth from transplants started indoors 8 weeks in advance. Gourds grow well on fences or garden trellises. Direct Seed: 1" Deep Seeds to Hill: 6-8 Seeds Thin: To 3-4 Plants Light: Full Sun Firefly Farm & Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

We like growing these outs though we never tried putting them in our pocket. They grow fast and are good short season variety for folks where their seasons are a little short. Our orginal seed comes from Seedsavers and we offer their retail branded packets for those that want a beautiful picture. 
The Seed Savers Exchange - (C. pepo) (aka Dancing) Sent to SSE by member Junior Gordon whose seeds were from his brother in Hickman County, Tennessee. Years ago children would carry these gourds in their pockets to play with at school where they would spin them on their desks. Hard-shelled when dried, great ornamental. 90-100 days.
Characteristics: 
<ul>
<li>Used for fall decorations</li>
<li>Great for market growers and roadside stands</li>
<li>90-100 days</li>
<li>25 Seeds per pack </li>
</ul>
Instructions:
Sow seeds outdoors after the danger of frost has passed in 12" diameter hills. Space hills 6' apart in all directions. In short-season areas, growth from transplants started indoors 8 weeks in advance. Gourds grow well on fences or garden trellises.
<ul>
<li>Direct Seed: 1" Deep</li>
<li>Seeds to Hill: 6-8 Seeds</li>
<li>Thin: To 3-4 Plants</li>
<li>Light: Full Sun</li>
</ul>
Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

Spinning Gourd, Heirloom

The Seed Savers Exchange - The very productive plants have sprawling growth and the tangy and sweet fruits are about ⅔" in diameter and encased in a papery husk. We found these to be slightly sweeter and smaller than Aunt Molly's. Allow the fruit to fall to the ground before harvesting. This ground cherry has been passed down through at least four generations of women; it was brought to Canada from Russia in 1925. 80 days from transplant. Characteristics: Organic Fruits grow to 2/3" in diameter 80 days from transplant 50 Seeds per packet Instructions - Sow seeds indoors ¼" deep. Plant out when the danger of frost has passed. Excellent results when grown on landscape cloth, which suppresses weeds and makes collecting the fruits easier. Start Indoors: 6 weeks before the last frost Germinate 14 days Plant 12-18" apart Firefly Farm & Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

The Seed Savers Exchange - <meta charset="utf-8">The very productive plants have sprawling growth and the tangy and sweet fruits are about ⅔" in diameter and encased in a papery husk. We found these to be slightly sweeter and smaller than Aunt Molly's. Allow the fruit to fall to the ground before harvesting. This ground cherry has been passed down through at least four generations of women; it was brought to Canada from Russia in 1925. 80 days from transplant.  
Characteristics: 
<ul>
<li>Organic</li>
<li>Fruits grow to 2/3" in diameter</li>
<li>80 days from transplant</li>
<li>50 Seeds per packet</li>
</ul>
Instructions - <meta charset="utf-8">Sow seeds indoors ¼" deep. Plant out when the danger of frost has passed. Excellent results when grown on landscape cloth, which suppresses weeds and makes collecting the fruits easier.
<ul>
<li>
<meta charset="utf-8">
Start Indoors: 6 weeks before the last frost
</li>
<li>Germinate 14 days</li>
<li>Plant 12-18" apart</li>
</ul>
Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

Loewen Family Heirloom Ground Cherry, Organic Available

Seedsaver Exchange 50 Organic Seeds

Firefly Farm Minipacket 15 Seeds

Firefly Farm 50 Seeds

We have a variety of seed companies for this one as we love it and seed companies tend to rotate in and out each year. Vigorous plants were a hit in High Mowing trials, producing huge juicy bulbs. High Mowing Organic Seeds - Very large, uniform bulbs with slightly flattened shape Bulbing-types produce large sweet bulbs. Finale stores well, keeping good quality and maintaining a crisp, juicy texture and pleasant flavor. Excellent bolt resistance. Characteristics: Organic, non-GMO, and open-pollinated Bolt-resistant 4" bulbs 80 days 1/32 oz approx. Instructions - Fennel needs deep, well-drained, moderately fertile soil with a pH from 6.1-8.0. It has a very deep taproot. Plant 1/4-1/2" deep Direct seed at 2" and thin to 6-8" Plant 18" rows apart Firefly Farm & Mercantile may substitute seed vendors from time to time because of the availability

We have a variety of seed companies for this one as we love it and seed companies tend to rotate in and out each year. 
Vigorous plants were a hit in High Mowing trials, producing huge juicy bulbs.
High Mowing Organic Seeds - Very large, uniform bulbs with slightly flattened shape Bulbing-types produce large sweet bulbs. Finale stores well, keeping good quality and maintaining a crisp, juicy texture and pleasant flavor. Excellent bolt resistance. 
Characteristics: 
<ul>
<li>Organic, non-GMO, and open-pollinated </li>
<li>Bolt-resistant  
</li>
<li>4" bulbs</li>
<li>80 days </li>
<li>1/32 oz approx. </li>
</ul>
Instructions - <meta charset="utf-8">Fennel needs deep, well-drained, moderately fertile soil with a pH from 6.1-8.0. It has a very deep taproot.
Plant 1/4-1/2" deep 
Direct seed at 2" and thin to 6-8"
Plant 18" rows apart 
Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile may substitute seed vendors from time to time because of the availability

Finale Fennel, Organic Available

Seedsavers Exchange 150 Organic Seeds

High Mowing Organic Seeds 1/32oz (100 Seeds)

Firefly Farm Minipack 50 Seeds

The Seed Savers Exchange - (aka Burgundy) Bred by Leon Robbins at Clemson University after eight years of careful selection. Introduced in 1983; All America Selections winner in 1988. Stunning 4' plant with burgundy accents and tender burgundy pods up to 6" long. Good yields. 55-60 days. ±500 seeds/oz. Characteristics: Organic Plants grow to 4 feet tall Pods are deep burgundy Pods grow to 6 inches long 55-60 days 100 Seeds per packet Instructions - Sow seeds outdoors when the soil has warmed. Tolerant of heat and drought, but not of cold. Keep well picked for higher yields. Direct Seed 2" apart Plant 1/2" deep Thin 6-8" apart Firefly Farm & Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

The Seed Savers Exchange - (aka Burgundy) Bred by Leon Robbins at Clemson University after eight years of careful selection. Introduced in 1983; All America Selections winner in 1988. Stunning 4' plant with burgundy accents and tender burgundy pods up to 6" long. Good yields. 55-60 days. ±500 seeds/oz.
Characteristics: 
<li>Organic</li>
<li>Plants grow to 4 feet tall</li>
<li>Pods are deep burgundy</li>
<li>Pods grow to 6 inches long</li>
<li>55-60 days</li>
<li>100 Seeds per packet </li>
 
Instructions - Sow seeds outdoors when the soil has warmed. Tolerant of heat and drought, but not of cold. Keep well picked for higher yields.
Direct Seed 2" apart
Plant 1/2" deep
Thin 6-8" apart
Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

Red Burgundy Okra, Organic

Seedsavers Exchange- Conventional (100 Seeds)

Southern Exposure Seed Exchange - Organic (80-100 Seeds)

Not available for 2024 Seed Exchange - Savored by Seed Savers Exchange members for over 20 years and reportedly by the French since the 1600s, this celery root variety has a mild, sweet celery flavor and firm, round roots that measure 3” long by 3-4” wide. Its root, stems, and leaves make a fine addition to soups and stews. Acquired from member Suzanne Ashworth, who obtained it from Redwood City (California) Seed Company. 100 days. Organic Mild, sweet celery flavor Excellent for soups and stews 100 days 150 Seeds Instructions - Sow seeds indoors 1/8" deep in warm, moist soil, 10-12 weeks before planting outdoors. Transplant outdoors spacing 6" apart in 30" rows. Note: celeriac will bolt early if exposed to cool temperatures (below 55°F). Start indoors 10-12 weeks before the last frost Germinate 14 days Plant 24" apart Firefly Farm & Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

Not available for 2024  Seed Exchange - Savored by Seed Savers Exchange members for over 20 years and reportedly by the French since the 1600s, this celery root variety has a mild, sweet celery flavor and firm, round roots that measure 3” long by 3-4” wide. Its root, stems, and leaves make a fine addition to soups and stews. Acquired from member Suzanne Ashworth, who obtained it from Redwood City (California) Seed Company. 100 days.
<li>Organic</li>
<li>Mild, sweet celery flavor</li>
<li>Excellent for soups and stews</li>
<li>100 days</li>
<li>150 Seeds</li>
 
Instructions - Sow seeds indoors 1/8" deep in warm, moist soil, 10-12 weeks before planting outdoors. Transplant outdoors spacing 6" apart in 30" rows. Note: celeriac will bolt early if exposed to cool temperatures (below 55°F).
Start indoors 10-12 weeks before the last frost
Germinate 14 days
Plant 24" apart
Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

Monstorpolgi Celeriac, 1600's Heirloom, Organic

The Seed Savers Exchange - (Solanum burbankii) (aka Wonderberry) Bred by Luther Burbank in the early 1900s; offered by seedsman John Lewis Childs as Wonderberry in 1909. Great controversy ensued over the plant’s provenance and true identity, and Burbank’s reputation was badly damaged. Prolific bushy plants loaded with small, slightly sweet, dull blue berries. 50-75 days. Characteristics: Organic Small, slightly sweet, dull blue berries Prolific bushy plants 50-75 days 50 seeds per packet Instructions - Sow seeds indoors ¼" deep. Transplant outdoors 24" apart in rows 36" apart. Sunberries tolerate a wide variety of climates and conditions, but do not tolerate frost. Plants are self-supporting, but sprawl over a large area. Cage or trellis when space is limited. Start indoors 6 weeks before the last frost Germinate 14-21 days Plant 24" apart Firefly Farm & Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

The Seed Savers Exchange - (Solanum burbankii) (aka Wonderberry) Bred by Luther Burbank in the early 1900s; offered by seedsman John Lewis Childs as Wonderberry in 1909. Great controversy ensued over the plant’s provenance and true identity, and Burbank’s reputation was badly damaged. Prolific bushy plants loaded with small, slightly sweet, dull blue berries. 50-75 days. 
Characteristics: 
<li>Organic</li>
<li>Small, slightly sweet, dull blue berries</li>
<li>Prolific bushy plants</li>
<li>50-75 days</li>
<li>50 seeds per packet </li>
 
Instructions - Sow seeds indoors ¼" deep. Transplant outdoors 24" apart in rows 36" apart. Sunberries tolerate a wide variety of climates and conditions, but do not tolerate frost. Plants are self-supporting, but sprawl over a large area. Cage or trellis when space is limited.
Start indoors 6 weeks before the last frost
Germinate 14-21 days
Plant 24" apart
Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

Sunberry, early 1900's Heirloom, Organic

Not available for 2024 but check out our other great options. The Seed Savers Exchange- Pre-1860 variety. Pale green above ground globes with crisp white flesh. Sweet and mild with a flavor reminiscent of turnips. Best harvested at 2½" diameter. Excellent raw or steamed. 50-65 days. Characteristics: Organic Green-skinned above ground bulbs Bulbs should be harvested at 2-3 inches in diameter Sweet turnip-like flavor Edible podded, 65-70 days. 250 Seeds Instructions - Best grown in cooler weather. Sow seeds outdoors as soon as soil can be worked and the danger of hard frost has passed. Can also be started indoors and transplanted out. Plant in full sun or partial shade. Kohlrabi is also an excellent fall crop. Direct Seed 1" apart Plant 1/4" deep Plant Rows 12-18" apart Thin to 4" apart Firefly Farm & Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

White Vienna Kohlrabi pre-1860 Heirloom, Organic

Sweet, tropical-tasting gold berries wrapped in paper husks add magic to your garden. Bushy plants grow 2.5-3' tall. When ripe, the husk around the fruit becomes papery dry and the fruit falls off the plant to be picked up from the ground. Some people place a tarp underneath the plants to make harvesting easier, but either way the husks keep the fruit clean. Organic Trellis or let sprawl Bushy, spreading habit Open-Pollinated Stores well Very Sweet 70 days from transplant 1/10 gram of Seeds Instructions - Sow seeds indoors ¼" deep 4-6 weeks before last frost. Plant out when the danger of frost has passed. Excellent results when grown on landscape cloth, which suppresses weeds and makes collecting the fruits easier. Start indoors 6 weeks before the last frost Germinate 14 days Plant 2-3' apart Firefly Farm & Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

Sweet, tropical-tasting gold berries wrapped in paper husks add magic to your garden.
Bushy plants grow 2.5-3' tall. When ripe, the husk around the fruit becomes papery dry and the fruit falls off the plant to be picked up from the ground. Some people place a tarp underneath the plants to make harvesting easier, but either way the husks keep the fruit clean.
<ul>
<li>Organic</li>
<li>Trellis or let sprawl</li>
<li>Bushy, spreading habit</li>
<li>Open-Pollinated</li>
<li>Stores well</li>
<li>Very Sweet</li>
<li>70 days from transplant</li>
<li>1/10 gram of Seeds </li>
</ul>
Instructions - Sow seeds indoors ¼" deep 4-6 weeks before last frost. Plant out when the danger of frost has passed. Excellent results when grown on landscape cloth, which suppresses weeds and makes collecting the fruits easier.
<ul>
<li>Start indoors 6 weeks before the last frost</li>
<li>Germinate 14 days</li>
<li>Plant 2-3' apart</li>
</ul>
Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

Goldie Ground Cherry, Heirloom, Organic

Large, beautiful plants with impressive red spires ideal for fresh bouquets. High Mowing Organic Seeds - This versatile plant is a delicious microgreen, baby leaf green, and attractive flower that is sure to bring joy to the garden or dinner table. Heat tolerant, the plants can reach towering heights and will grow steadily through the summer weather. Dramatic plumes of deep red flowers are a striking addition to flower arrangements and fresh bouquets. These brilliant plants are a stand out in a garden setting Organic & Open-Pollinated Great cut flower Edible foliage 6-8' tall Annual Instructions - Sow seeds indoors just beneath the surface of the soil. Plant out into average well-drained soil after the danger of frost has passed. Good cutting flower, fresh or dried. Start indoors 2-4 weeks before last frost Germination 7-10 days Plant 12-18" apart Firefly Farm & Mercantile may substitute seed vendors from time to time because of availability

Large, beautiful plants with impressive red spires ideal for fresh bouquets.
High Mowing Organic Seeds - This versatile plant is a delicious microgreen, baby leaf green, and attractive flower that is sure to bring joy to the garden or dinner table. Heat tolerant, the plants can reach towering heights and will grow steadily through the summer weather. Dramatic plumes of deep red flowers are a striking addition to flower arrangements and fresh bouquets. These brilliant plants are a stand out in a garden setting
<ul>
<li>Organic &amp; Open-Pollinated</li>
<li>Great cut flower</li>
<li>Edible foliage</li>
<li>6-8' tall</li>
<li>Annual</li>
</ul>
Instructions - Sow seeds indoors just beneath the surface of the soil. Plant out into average well-drained soil after the danger of frost has passed. Good cutting flower, fresh or dried.
Start indoors 2-4 weeks before last frost
Germination 7-10 days
Plant 12-18" apart 
Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile may substitute seed vendors from time to time because of availability

Garnet Red Amaranth, Organic

Very productive variety with early, bright green pods. High Mowing Organic Seeds - This new and improved version of the tried and true Clemson Spineless variety offers up pain free picking and earlier production. The plants yield more than the previous incarnation and plants have a taller, more open habit. Harvest young for peak tenderness. Organic Productive 3-4" pods 30 seeds Instructions - Sow seeds outdoors when the soil has warmed. Tolerant of heat and drought, but not of cold. Keep well picked for higher yields. Direct Seed 2" apart Plant 1/2" deep Thin 6-8" apart

Very productive variety with early, bright green pods.
High Mowing Organic Seeds - This new and improved version of the tried and true Clemson Spineless variety offers up pain free picking and earlier production. The plants yield more than the previous incarnation and plants have a taller, more open habit. Harvest young for peak tenderness.
<li>Organic</li>
<li>Productive</li>
<li>3-4" pods</li>
<li>30 seeds</li>
<li>
 
Instructions - Sow seeds outdoors when the soil has warmed. Tolerant of heat and drought, but not of cold. Keep well picked for higher yields.
Direct Seed 2" apart
Plant 1/2" deep
Thin 6-8" apart
</li>

Clemson Spineless 80 Okra, Organic

The Seed Savers Exchange - ‘Drotts Yellow’ boasts a tasty, sweet, fruity flavor that sets it apart from other ground cherries. Its husks turn first yellow and then brown at peak maturity, when the half-inch fruits drop to the ground from large, sprawling, and highly productive plants. Exchange lister Thomas Jerde acquired this variety in 1986 when he bought a home in Minneapolis from the Albert Drotts family and discovered the ground cherry growing in the garden. 55 days from transplant to ripe fruit. Organic. Characteristics: Organic Prolific and super sweet Fruits grow to ½ to ¾ inch Fruits have a papery husk Sweet variety that stores well 70 days from transplant 50 Seeds Instructions - Sow seeds indoors ¼" deep. Plant out when the danger of frost has passed. Excellent results when grown on landscape cloth, which suppresses weeds and makes collecting the fruits easier. Start indoors 6 weeks before the last frost Germinate 14 days Plant 12-18" apart Firefly Farm & Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

The Seed Savers Exchange - ‘Drotts Yellow’ boasts a tasty, sweet, fruity flavor that sets it apart from other ground cherries. Its husks turn first yellow and then brown at peak maturity, when the half-inch fruits drop to the ground from large, sprawling, and highly productive plants. Exchange lister Thomas Jerde acquired this variety in 1986 when he bought a home in Minneapolis from the Albert Drotts family and discovered the ground cherry growing in the garden. 55 days from transplant to ripe fruit. Organic. 
Characteristics: 
<ul>
<li>Organic</li>
<li>Prolific and super sweet</li>
<li>Fruits grow to ½ to ¾ inch</li>
<li>Fruits have a papery husk</li>
<li>Sweet variety that stores well</li>
<li>70 days from transplant</li>
<li>50 Seeds</li>
</ul>
Instructions - Sow seeds indoors ¼" deep. Plant out when the danger of frost has passed. Excellent results when grown on landscape cloth, which suppresses weeds and makes collecting the fruits easier.
Start indoors 6 weeks before the last frost
Germinate 14 days
Plant 12-18" apart
Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

Drott's Yellow Ground Cherry Heirloom, Organic Available

Seedsavers Exchange 50 Organic Seeds

Firefly Farm Minipack 15 Seeds

The Seed Savers Exchange - This kohlrabi has it all - juicy, crunchy, and crisp stems and a slightly spicy, sweet flavor. The bulbs are light-green and round to slightly elongated, and the plants have light-green petioles with light-purple bases. The light- to dark-green leaves are mostly elliptical in shape (with the occasional obovate leaf) and have round-toothed margins. Variability occurs from plant to plant, but each plant has uniform leaves; the plants grow 12-17" tall and reach 22-28" in diameter. Stems are 2" to just over 2½" long and approximately 2¾-3½" wide, and weigh 4.7-9.5 oz. Characteristics: Sweet, spicy flavor 250 Seeds Instructions - Best grown in cooler weather. Sow seeds outdoors as soon as soil can be worked and the danger of hard frost has passed. Can also be started indoors and transplanted out. Plant in full sun or partial shade. Kohlrabi is also an excellent fall crop. Direct Seed 1" apart Plant 1/4" deep Plant Rows 12-18" apart Thin to 4" apart Firefly Farm & Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

The Seed Savers Exchange - <meta charset="utf-8">This kohlrabi has it all - juicy, crunchy, and crisp stems and a slightly spicy, sweet flavor. The bulbs are light-green and round to slightly elongated, and the plants have light-green petioles with light-purple bases. The light- to dark-green leaves are mostly elliptical in shape (with the occasional obovate leaf) and have round-toothed margins. Variability occurs from plant to plant, but each plant has uniform leaves; the plants grow 12-17" tall and reach 22-28" in diameter. Stems are 2" to just over 2½" long and approximately 2¾-3½" wide, and weigh 4.7-9.5 oz.
Characteristics: 
<ul>
<li>Sweet, spicy flavor</li>
<li>250 Seeds</li>
</ul>
Instructions - <meta charset="utf-8">Best grown in cooler weather. Sow seeds outdoors as soon as soil can be worked and the danger of hard frost has passed. Can also be started indoors and transplanted out. Plant in full sun or partial shade. Kohlrabi is also an excellent fall crop.
Direct Seed 1" apart 
Plant 1/4" deep
Plant Rows 12-18" apart
Thin to 4" apart
Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

Delicatesse White Kohlrabi

The Seed Savers Exchange - An All America Selections winner in 1939, was introduced by Clemson University. Still the most popular open-pollinated variety on the market. Vigorous plants grow 3-5' tall. Exceptionally uniform, deep green ribbed and spineless pods are best harvested when 3" long. Excellent quality. 50-64 days. ±500 seeds/oz. Characteristics: Organic Plants grow to 3-5 feet tall Pods are spineless Best harvested when pods are 3 inches long 50-64 days ±500 seeds/oz 100 Seeds per packet This variety will grow well in most regions of the United States but does not tolerate cold well Instructions - Sow seeds outdoors when the soil has warmed. Tolerant of heat and drought, but not of cold. Keep well picked for higher yields. Direct Seed 2" apart Plant 1/2" deep Thin 6-8" apart Firefly Farm & Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

The Seed Savers Exchange - <meta charset="utf-8">An All America Selections winner in 1939, was introduced by Clemson University. Still the most popular open-pollinated variety on the market. Vigorous plants grow 3-5' tall. Exceptionally uniform, deep green ribbed and spineless pods are best harvested when 3" long. Excellent quality. 50-64 days. ±500 seeds/oz.  
Characteristics: 
<ul>
<li>Organic</li>
<li>Plants grow to 3-5 feet tall</li>
<li>Pods are spineless</li>
<li>Best harvested when pods are 3 inches long</li>
<li>50-64 days</li>
<li>±500 seeds/oz</li>
<li>100 Seeds per packet </li>
</ul>
<meta charset="utf-8">This variety will grow well in most regions of the United States but does not tolerate cold well
Instructions - <meta charset="utf-8">Sow seeds outdoors when the soil has warmed. Tolerant of heat and drought, but not of cold. Keep well picked for higher yields. 
Direct Seed 2" apart
Plant 1/2" deep
Thin 6-8" apart
Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

Clemson Spineless Okra, 1939 Heirloom, Organic

The Seed Savers Exchange - The straight, green, downy pods of this variety are intermediate in length and width and are best eaten when under 5" long. Seed Savers Exchange member Dr. James Wolfe received the variety from the Simpson family of Rogersville, Tennessee. D.V. (Simpson) Thomas remembers her mother, Nora, growing this okra as far back as the early 1940s. 50-70 days. Characteristics: Organic Harvest as early as 50 days 100 Seeds per packet Instructions - Sow seeds outdoors when the soil has warmed. Tolerant of heat and drought, but not of cold. Keep well picked for higher yields. Direct Seed 2" apart Plant 1/2" deep Thin 6-8" apart Firefly Farm & Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

The Seed Savers Exchange - <meta charset="utf-8">The straight, green, downy pods of this variety are intermediate in length and width and are best eaten when under 5" long. Seed Savers Exchange member Dr. James Wolfe received the variety from the Simpson family of Rogersville, Tennessee. D.V. (Simpson) Thomas remembers her mother, Nora, growing this okra as far back as the early 1940s. 50-70 days.  
Characteristics: 
<ul>
<li>Organic</li>
<li>Harvest as early as 50 days</li>
<li>100 Seeds per packet </li>
</ul>
Instructions - <meta charset="utf-8">Sow seeds outdoors when the soil has warmed. Tolerant of heat and drought, but not of cold. Keep well picked for higher yields. 
Direct Seed 2" apart
Plant 1/2" deep
Thin 6-8" apart
Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

Simpson Okra, 1940s Heirloom, Organic

The Seed Savers Exchange - (aka Old Fashioned Okra) Tall 7' plants have purple coloration on leaves and thick pods that are best picked at about 3" long. Cross-sections of pods look like the Star of David, giving this variety its name. Like many okra varieties, this plant bears beautiful flowers and foliage that could warrant a place in the ornamental border. 60-75 days. Characteristics: Plants grow to 7 feet tall Plants have purple coloration on leaves Best harvested when pods are 3 inches long 60-75 days 100 Seeds per packet This variety will grow well in most regions of the United States but does not tolerate cold well. Instructions - Sow seeds outdoors when the soil has warmed. Tolerant of heat and drought, but not of cold. Keep well picked for higher yields. Direct Seed 2" apart Plant 1/2" deep Thin 6-8" apart Light: Full Sun Firefly Farm & Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability

The Seed Savers Exchange - <meta charset="utf-8">(aka Old Fashioned Okra) Tall 7' plants have purple coloration on leaves and thick pods that are best picked at about 3" long. Cross-sections of pods look like the Star of David, giving this variety its name. Like many okra varieties, this plant bears beautiful flowers and foliage that could warrant a place in the ornamental border. 60-75 days.  
Characteristics: 
<ul>
<li>Plants grow to 7 feet tall</li>
<li>Plants have purple coloration on leaves</li>
<li>Best harvested when pods are 3 inches long</li>
<li>60-75 days</li>
<li>100 Seeds per packet </li>
</ul>
<meta charset="utf-8">This variety will grow well in most regions of the United States but does not tolerate cold well.
Instructions - Sow seeds outdoors when the soil has warmed. Tolerant of heat and drought, but not of cold. Keep well picked for higher yields.
Direct Seed 2" apart
Plant 1/2" deep
Thin 6-8" apart
<meta charset="utf-8">Light: Full Sun
Firefly Farm &amp; Mercantile may substitute suppliers based on availability